中国民航飞行学院学报

基于风廓线雷达资料、ERA-5逐小时格点资料、加密自动站、自动气象观测资料和常规气象观测等资料,从天气学角度深入分析了哈尔滨机场冬末两次降雪过程的特征及其形成的动力与水汽条件。两次过程均以小雪为主,但由于降雪时间较长,在降雪集中的时段,对场务进行跑道清理和管制员调配空中和地面飞机航空器带来显著影响。研究结果表明:两次降雪过程的大尺度环流背景均呈现由暖平流向冷平流转变的相似特征,差异主要体现在低涡前部暖空气强度,过程I由冷锋主导,具备典型冷锋降雪特征,过程Ⅱ是暖锋与冷锋系统相继作用所致。

Based on wind profile radar data,ERA-5 hourly gridded data,automated station data,automatic meteorological observation data and conventional meteorological observation data,this study conducts an in-depth analysis of the characteristics of two snowfall weather events at Harbin Airport at late winter as well as the dynamic and moisture conditions that lead to their formation from a meteorological perspective.Both events are mainly characterized by light snow;however,due to the prolonged duration of the snowfall,significant impacts are observed on runway clearing operations and the allocation of air traffic controllers for both airborne aircraft and aerodrome aircraft during the peak snowfall periods.The results indicate that the large-scale background circulation for both snowfall events exhibits similar characteristics transitioning from warm advection to cold advection,with the main differences arising in the intensity of warm air in the low vortex's leading edge.Process I is dominated by a cold front,displaying typical characteristics of cold front snowfall,whereas Process Ⅱ results from the successive influences of warm front and cold front systems.